Any document, application, or material e-filed before the Kerala courts using the Electronic Filing System must be authenticated under the Electronic Filing Rules for Courts (Kerala), 2021 (the “2021 Rules“).
Types of E-Signing
An Advocate or Party-in-Person may authenticate the filings in one of the following four ways:
- Digital Signature: Under Rule 6 (1) of the 2021 Rules.
- Electronic Signature: Under Rule 6(2) of the 2021 Rules.
- OTP-based Authentication: Using email or mobile-based OTP, under Rule 6 (3) of the 2021 Rules.
- Physical Signing & Scanning: By preparing, signing, scanning, and uploading the print version to the e-filing portal.
1. Digital Signature
The digital signature must be affixed at the locations mandated by the relevant Acts and Rules.
A digital signature is a tech-based sign for electronic documents that acts like a fingerprint, which proves the identity of the sender, and that the document hasn’t been changed or tampered with since its signing.
A list of recognized Digital Signature Providers and the procedure for appending single or multiple signatures is available on the respective court’s web portal.
2. Electronic Signature (e-Sign)
If an Advocate or Party-in-Person does not possess a digital signature issued by a competent authority, they may authenticate pleadings and documents using an Aadhaar-based Electronic Signature. This is completed using their Aadhaar number and the OTP sent to their registered mobile number.
3. OTP Authentication
If an Advocate or Party-in-Person possesses neither a Digital Signature nor an Aadhaar-based Electronic Signature, they may authenticate filings via electronic verification. This involves an OTP (One-Time Password) sent to their registered email address or mobile phone number.
4. Physical Signature & Scanned Upload
Alternatively, an Advocate or Party-in-Person may print the pleadings or documents, sign them physically in accordance with the relevant Rules, and upload the scanned version. This is also treated as a valid e-filing.
No Physical Authentication in Paperless Courts
In paperless courts like the Hon. ACJM Court, Thiruvananthapuram, the fourth mode of physical signing – manual physical authentication – has no application, as all documents must be authenticated electronically and by no other means. In such courts the first three modes of e-authentication elone can be resorted to.
