Burden of Proof under Indian Evidence Act
Introduction The term burden of proof, which is not defined in the Indian Evidence Act, 1882, essentially refers to the legal responsibility of a party in a case to prove…
Electronic Evidence u/s 65B of Evidence Act
The requirement of the certificate, under Section 65B (4) of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), is mandatory for admissibility of electronic record in evidence.
The Supreme Court (SC) finally took this view in Arjun Panditrao Khotkar v Kailash Kushanrao Gorantyal case delivered on 14th July 2020.
Model Certificate u/s 65B of Evidence Act
The Section 65B of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA) states that the information contained in an electronic record which is printed or copied as computer output would be treated as a document without further proof or production of the original, if the output satisfies some stipulations stated in this write up.
Burden of Proof: Part III of Indian Evidence Act
Introduction Which of the contesting parties should provide evidence in a judicial proceeding is determined on the basis of some judicial principles that are laid down in the Indian…
On Methods of Providing Evidence: Part II of IEA
The Part II of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 deals with different facets of oral and documentary methods of proving facts in a judicial proceeding. The precise purpose of this…